基层综合医院医院感染现患率调查分析

Investigation and analysis on nosocomial infection prevalence rate in basic level hospitals

[目的]了解医院感染现状、病原菌的检出、抗菌药物的使用情况、I类切口术前0.5～2 h预防用药情况。[方法]采用床旁调查和查阅病历相结合的方法,调查2011年12月16日所有住院患者(包括调查日出院、转科及死亡的病例,不包括调查日入院患者)的医院感染情况。[结果]调查病历273份,医院感染11例,医院感染现患率4.03%,感染部位以肺部感染为主;手术65人,I类切口15人,切口感染3人(其中无I类切口感染,其他类切口感染3人),切口感染率5%,I类切口术前0.5～2 h预防用药4人,使用率27%;抗菌药物使用185人,使用率68%,病原菌送检41例,检出病原菌7株。[结论]院内感染现患率较低,使用抗生素前标本送检率低,抗生素用药时间较长。

Objective To understand the current situation of nosocomial infection, the detection of pathogenic bacteria, the usage of antibiotics, and the prophylaxis and drug using in half to 2 hours before I class incision surgery. Methods We combined the bedside investigation and the medical records checking to investigate all inpatients in the hospital on Dec. 16th, 2011. （including the patients who left the hospital, the patients transferred to other departments and the patients who were dead on the survey day, excluding the patients enrolled in on the surrey day）. Results Among 273 cases in this investigation, 11 cases were infected in the hospital, nosocomial infection prevalence rate was 4.03%. The main type of infection was pulmonary infection. Among the 65 cases of surgical patients, 15 cases of patients received I class incision surgery, 3 of them were infection of incision wound （none of the I class infection of incision wound）, the infection rate of incision was 5%. There were 4 patients prophylactic drug use in half and 2 hours before I incision surgery, the rate was 27%. There were 185 patients to use antibiotics, the rate was 68%. Detected 7 units pathogenic bacteria among 41 cases of pathogen specimens. Conclusions Nosocomial infection prevalence rate was low. Specimen detection rate which before use antibiotics was low. Antibiotics usage time was longer.