摘要
为提高振流式精密播种装置的播种合格率和播种稳定性,减少种子流动性的不同对播种合格率的影响,研制了基于超声波传感器的种层厚度检测和控制系统,对播种过程中的播种量实现全程监控和自动控制。试验表明:自动控制系统能有效检测出匀种装置筛分板上种层厚度的变化,并根据播种时种子流动性的不同,调整供种装置的振动幅度和频率,使种层厚度保持在设定的范围之内,调整时间约为4.32s;且当种子流动差异性过大时能有效报警;采用检测和控制系统后振流式精密播种装置杂交稻2~5粒/穴或取秧面积的播种合格率由80.1%提升到87.3%。该研究为杂交稻精密育秧播种装置的研究奠定了基础。
In order to improve sowing qualified rate and stability of vibration-flow precision seeder, and reduce the effect of sowing qualified rate with the difference of seeds fluidity, a detection and control system of seed-layers thickness based on ultrasonic sensor was designed. With the system, seed-flow in the process of sowing was whole detected and automatic controlled. The results showed that the system could effectively detect the change of seed-layers thickness on the screening plate, and adjust the vibration amplitude and frequence of seeds-supply device based on different seeds fluidity to make sure that seed-layers thickness was kept in the setting range, and adjusting time was about 4.32 s after correction; When the difference of seeds fluidity was too large, alarm system was started; After the system was installed, sowing qualified rate of hybrid rice (2-5 grain per point) was improved from 80.1% to 87.3%. The research laid a foundation for further study of hybrid rice precision seeding apparatus.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第21期10-16,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家高技术计划(863)课题资助(2012AA10A501)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(编号:CARS-01-33)
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20114404110004)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助(201203059)
关键词
检测
控制系统
超声波传感器
种层厚度
杂交稻
播种装置
detectors
control systems
ultrasonic sensors
seed-layers thickness
hybrid rice
seeding apparatus