水冷式猪床冬季保温措施对妊娠母猪小群饲养的影响

Effects of heat preservation of water-cooled swine beds on small group raising of pregnant sows in winter

为探讨在冬季低温条件下水冷式猪床保温措施对妊娠母猪小群饲养的影响,试验选用16头配种4周左右的母猪,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组各2圈栏,每圈栏4头。在试验组猪床单元两端设有门帘来提高猪床内环境温度,测试各组环境温度及观察母猪行为。结果表明:单个猪床单元内1头猪躺卧时,试验组单元内温度比对照组和舍内温度平均分别高3.2和6.9℃,当试验组和对照组舍内温度分别高于11和12℃,均未出现2头猪挤在1个单元内躺卧。试验组与对照组相比,母猪每天平均躺卧时间(18.6和17.8h)和饮水次数(18.5和23.3)差异显著(P<0.05),咬链次数(14.0和19.0)差异极显著(P<0.01)。对照组在猪床单元内排便和排尿分别占总次数的1.8%和12.1%,而试验组分别为0和3.2%。研究结果表明,猪床门帘可提高母猪躺卧区的局部温度和减少母猪的刻板行为。

In order to investigate practical effect of heat preservation of water-cooled swine bed with small groups raising of pregnant sows and low temperature in winter, sixteen pregnant sows for 4 weeks were used. Four pens were divided into experimental group and control group randomly, each pen was four sows. The door-curtain at two ends of swine bed was installed for heat preservation. The environmental temperatures for each group were measured and sows behavior was observed. The results showed that the temperatures in swine bed unit in the experimental group were 3.2 and 6.9℃ higher than that of control group and indoortemperature, respectively. Two sows did not lied simultaneously in a unit when the indoor temperature was above 11℃ in the experimental group and 12℃ in control group. Compared the experimental groupwith the control group, there was significantly different （P0.05） between the lying time （18.6 h, 17.8 h） and the drinking frequency （18.5, 23.3） every day. The frequency of biting chain （14.0, 19.0） was extreme different （P0.01）. The times of defecation and urination in unit account 1.8% and 12.1% of the total times in the experimental group, while it was 0 and 3.2% in control group. The results suggested that heat preservation by door-curtain of swine bed could improve the local temperature of lying area and reduce stereotypic behaviors for pregnant sows.