《白鲸》中海洋动物描写的生态思考

An Ecological Reflection on the Descriptions of Sea Animals in Moby Dick

生态批评对《白鲸》中大量鲸类以及其他海洋动物的描述关注较少,这些描述似乎有许多矛盾之处,使得该小说主题变得丰富而复杂。其实,这正是作者在面对人与海洋生物冲突时的生态思考,反映了面临人类生存和动物权利冲突时,人类应该如何对待动物的问题。小说的悲剧结局暗示了作者对人类在对待海洋动物时可能引起的生态问题的深深忧虑。

The ecocriticism pays little hints to lots of descriptions of the cetaceans and other marine animals in Moby Dick.Some readers even hold that these descriptions have nothing to do with the novel.At the same time,the descriptions of the marine animals seem to have many contradictions which make the theme of the novel rich and complex,and embody the novel＇s multiple meanings.In fact,it is the author＇s ecological thinking in the face of the conflicts between sea animals and humanity that reflects the long-standing issue of how human beings should face animals when confronted with the conflicts between the human survival and animal rights.The tragic ending of the novel implies that the author is deeply worried about the ecological problems caused by the way human beings deal with sea animals.