教师·学生·教材:阿瑟顿教学系统三要素模型分析

Teacher,Learner and Subject Matter:Analysis on Atherton's Instructional System's Triangle Model

现代教学论把教学作为一个系统来看待。教学系统由多种因素构成,其中教师、学生、教材是实体要素。英国詹姆斯·阿瑟顿教授根据这三者之间复杂的矛盾关系与不同的聚焦点,提出了以此三要素为主体的六种不同的教学系统模型。每种模型各自都具有优缺点,这决定着教学中所要采取的教学方法和评价方式,以及建立的师生关系等的不同,背后更蕴含了不同的知识观、学生观与教学观。

Modern teaching theories hold a systematic view in dealing with instructional issues. Instruc- tional system consists of several factors ,within which the teacher, student and subject matter are the substan- tial ones. Due to the complex contradictory relationships and different focuses among the three, Pro. James Atherton put forward six different triangle instructional models. Each model has its own advantages and disad- vantages, which determines different teaching methods, evaluation strategies and teacher-student relation- ships, and embodies different views on knowledge, student and teaching.