某炼油厂冷却循环水系统故障与危害性分析

Failure mode effects and criticality analysis of a cooling cycling-water system of a oil refinery

根据采集的某炼油厂一年的冷却循环水系统的故障数据,采用故障模式影响及危害性分析方法对该系统的可靠性进行了分析。由该系统结构特点,划分了水冷塔、换热器、水冷塔风机、水泵、水管、阀门等7个子系统及19种故障模式,统计了各子系统的故障率,分析了系统的故障模式及其故障原因,计算了各子系统的危害度。结果表明水泵及水冷塔风机的危害度最高,换热器的危害度排第三,但其故障率排第四,说明在做故障分析时不能只统计故障率而不进行危害度分析。最后提出了相应的改进措施,经过一年的实际运行,效果明显。

Based on the failure data of a cooling cycling-water system in a oil refinery which was collected for a year,analyzes the reliability of the system was analyzed using failure mode effects and criticality analysis.According to the characteristic of the system＇s structure,the cooling cycling-water system had 19 failure modes and was divided into 7 sub-systems including the water cooling tower sub-system,the heat exchanger sub-system,the fan of water cooling tower sub-system,the water pump sub-system,the pipe sub-system,the valve sub-system,the pipe connecting sub-system.The failure rate of each sub-system was calculated,the failure modes and their failure causes were analysed,and the criticality of each subsystem was calculated.The results indicated that the water pump and the fan of water cooling tower have the highest criticality.The criticality of the heat exchanger was the third highest,whereas its failure rate was the fourth highest.It means that only calculating the failure rate was not enough when implement failure analysis,the criticality analysis should be considered as well.Finally,the corresponding measures were proposed to improve the reliability of the cooling cycling-water system,which had an obvious effect after a year＇s application.