ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎的病原学及其药敏分析

Analysis on Pathogens and Their Drug Resistance of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units

目的探讨重症监护病房(ICU)呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的病原学及其耐药性特点。方法将北京市第六医院收治在ICU中给予呼吸机的患者281例作为观察组,另选取同一时间收治的医院获得性肺炎患者293例作为对照组,就两组患者的致病菌及其耐药性进行总结。结果 281例VAP患者中,检出致病菌314例,革兰阴性(G-)球菌占52.23%,革兰阳性(G+)球菌占38.21%,其他占9.56%;293例医院获得性肺炎患者中,检出致病菌327例,G-球菌占52.60%,G+球菌占16.52%,其他占30.88%,两组患者致病菌种类差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 VAP患者感染致病菌以G-球菌为主,其次为G+球菌、其他病原体,同时VAP患者的致病菌耐药性要高于医院获得性肺炎致病菌。

Objective To investigate the pathogens and the drug resistance of ventilator-associated pneumonia（VAP）in intensive care unit（ICU）.Methods 281 cases admitted to Beijing Sixth Hospital who were given ventilator treatment were selected as the observation group,s another 293 cases with hospital-acquired pneumonia during the same period were selected as control group,pathogens and the drug resistance of the two groups were summarized.Results Among the 281 VAP cases,314 pathogens were detected including 52.23% Gram-negative cocci（G-）,38.21% Gram-positive cocci（G＋）,9.56% others;among the 293 cases with hospital-acquired pneumonia,327 pathogens were detected including 52.60% G-,16.52% G＋,30.88% others,types of pathogens between the two groups were with significant differences（P0.05）.Conclusion VAP patients pathogens are mainly G-,followed by G＋ and others,and drug-resistance of VAP bacteria is higher than hospital-acquired pneumonia bacteria.