胎儿肾脏多囊性疾病的产前超声诊断与分型

Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis and typing of fetal polycystic and dysplastic kidneys

目的探讨胎儿肾脏多囊性疾病(FPDK)的产前超声分型特征及其临床价值。方法对经引产证实或随访证实的54例FPDK胎儿的产前超声声像图特征进行回顾性分析。结果产前超声诊断的54例FPDK胎儿中婴儿型多囊肾(PotterⅠ型)2例,均为双侧,引产后证实;多囊性发育不良肾(PotterⅡ型)41例,11例引产后证实,30例产后婴幼儿存活;成人型多囊肾(PotterⅢ型)2例,均为双侧,1例引产后证实,1例产后新生儿期死亡;梗阻性囊性发育不良肾(PotterⅣ型)9例,6例引产后证实,3例产后婴幼儿存活,手术切除患肾。结论超声检查是检出FP-DK的可靠方法,FPDK产前超声诊断及分型诊断准确率高,是产前早期发现胎儿肾脏多囊性疾病的首要检查方法。

Objective To explore the clinical value of prenatal ultrasonography for the diagnosis and typing of fetal polycystic and dysplastic kidneys（FPDK）.Methods A total of 54 of FPDK were confirmed by odinopoeia or follow-up,and the data was retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 54 fetuses of polycystic and dysplastic kidneys,there were 2 of Potter typeⅠ,41 of Potter typeⅡ,2 of Potter type Ⅲ,and 9 of Potter type Ⅳ.Two of PotterⅠwere confirmed by odinopoeia;PotterⅡwere confirmed in 11 by odinopoeia,and 30 live births;PotterⅢwas one confirmed by odinopoeia,and one neonatal died;PotterⅣ was confirmed in 6 fetuses by odinopoeia,and 3 live births survived after post-natal surgery.Conclusion Ultrasound examination is a reliable method for the diagnosis of FPDK.Prenatal ultrasonography has a high accuracy rate for the diagnosis of FPDK and its typing.It is the first choice to detect FPDK early in pregnancy.