伊犁马及其杂交马催乳素(PRL)基因多态性的研究

Studies of Polymorphisms in Prolactin(PRL) Gene of Yili Horse and Its Hybrids

采用PCR-SSCP技术对伊犁马及新吉尔吉斯马与伊犁马的杂交F1代(杂交马)催乳素(PRL)基因所有外显子区域的单核苷酸多态性进行了分析,并对不同基因型和产奶量的关系进行统计分析。结果表明,在伊犁马及其杂交马PRL基因外显子1、外显子2、外显子3、外显子4上未发现突变。在外显子5发现了2个碱基突变,共4种基因型,其中AA基因型在两个群体中为优势基因型。DNA序列分析显示,2个突变分别为第591个碱基处的T→G和第654个碱基处的C→T,均为沉默突变。通过对基因型与产奶量的关系进行分析后发现,伊犁马AA基因型的日均产奶量较AB基因型高850g/d(P<0.05)。马PRL基因外显子5上的突变可能是影响马产奶性能的重要位点。

Through PCR-SSCP technology,this paper tried to analyze SNP of prolactin gene of Yili Hor- ses and the F1 hybrids of new Kirghiz horses and Yili horses and to analyze the relations between different genotypes and average milk production with statistic method. The results showed that no mutation was found in the first four exons of PRL gene of the Yili horse and its hybrids. Two novel mutations and four genotypes were found in the fifth exon of PRL gene. The AA genotype was the predominant in the two populations. DNA sequence analysis revealed that the two mutations occurred in 591T→G and 654C→T, both of which were silent mutations. Through the analysis of genotype and milk yield,the Yili horses with AA genotype produced more milk by 850 g/d than those with AB genotype （P 〈0.05）. The above results suggested that mutations in the fifth exon of PRL gene may be an important locus affecting milk perform- ance of equine.