我国当代大学生政治效能感的现实考量——基于2011年全国大学生政治效能感状况的数据调查

Current Evaluation on Improving College Students' Contemporary Political Efficacy in China——Data Based on the Survey of 2011 National College Students' Political Efficacy

政治效能感是指政治参与主体对自身的参与行为能够对政府和政治过程产生影响的能力感觉及对所能产生效果的主观判断和评估。大学生是国家政治经济建设中最具潜质的人力资源,增强大学生政治素养是维护国家长治久安的重要工作。据2011年全国不同类型、不同层次高校大学生的政治效能感调查状况显示,当代中国大学生政治效能感处于偏低水平。通过社会政治环境、家庭和学校教育环境、个体政治特征三个维度分析了大学生低政治效能感的成因。在此基础上,提出了积极拓展大学生政治参与渠道、解决政治信息不对称、强化教育培训和政治实践、大学生自觉加强主观塑造等对策建议。

Political efficacy refers to a subjective judgment and an evaluation of political participants on their own participation behavior impact and whether can they produce the effect on the political process or not. Therefore, promoting political efficacy is not only an important way to solve the above problems, but also an effective way to optimize college student in political participation. College students are the most po- tential human resources in the national construction. And improving college students＇ political quality is an important work of the state stability. In 2011, we have conducted a survey on the college students＇ po litical efficacy within different colleges among the country, which found that nowadays Chinese college students＇ political efficacy at a low level. Based on this, we put forward the basic countermeasures of promoting college students＇ political selfeffieaey： actively expand the college students＇ political participation channels： resolve political information asymmetry strengthening students＇ education training and political practice to improve their political participation skills and experience： and let college students consciously learn to eonsolidate and deepen political efficacy training effect.