“跨工业化”经济增长模式分析——来自印度经济增长模式的启示

"Across Industrialization" Economic Growth Pattern:From the Enlightenment of India Economic Growth Model

本文以印度经济增长模式为例,以竞争优势理论为分析框架,研究了跨工业化经济增长模式的内涵、生成机制与优劣势。研究表明,"基础设施薄弱、精英人才涌现"的资源禀赋结构、社会内部消费需求拉动、相关产业支撑、龙头企业带动、自由化的政策改革环境以及技术进步推动,促进了印度"跨工业化"经济增长模式的生成。基于此,通过中印两国经济增长模式的比较,指出"跨工业化"经济增长模式具有资源环境友好特征、能借助服务业的发展反向刺激工业发展等优势;并揭示了"跨工业化"增长模式的劣势,即难以提高就业率、服务业持续发展缺乏基础设施和制造业支撑等。鉴于我国服务业发展滞后,工业发展面临资源与环境高消耗的困境,我国应借鉴印度经验,培养服务业人才队伍、提高社会消费需求、优化服务业产业结构、培育服务业龙头企业、加快服务业自由化改革、提高服务业创新能力,以加快服务业的发展,增强服务业对工业的反哺效应,保障我国工业化进程在"资源与环境双约束下"又快又好地和谐推进。

Taking India economic growth pattern as an example, and competitive advantage theory as analytical framework, this paper analyzes the concept, formation mechanism, and the advantages and disadvantages of across industrialization economic growth pattern. The results show that resource endowment structure of lack ＇ of infrastructure, emerging talents＇ , internal consumer＇s demand, the support of related industries, leading enterprises, liberalization policy reform and technological progress, have promoted the generation mechanism of India ＇ acrossindustrialization ＇ economy growth pattern. Based on this, by comparing the economic growth pattern of China and India, the paper purposes that ＇ acrossindustrialization＇ economic growth pattern has resource-and environmentfriendly features and with the development of service industry, it can reversely stimulate industrial development. Moreover, the paper reveals the disadvantags of ＇ acrossindustrialization＇ growth pattern, such as difficulties in improving employment and weak support in the service sector. In view of Chinese lagged development of service industry and industrial development facing with the plight of high consumption of resource and environment, China should learn from India＇s experience to train personnel in service sector, improve the social consumer＇s demand, optimize the structure of service sector, nurture leading enterprises in service industry, speed up the service sector liberalization reform, and improve service innovation.