车厢间风挡形式对高速列车气动性能的影响

Influence of Inter-car Wind-shield Schemes on Aerodynamic Performance of High-speed Trains

以3节车厢组成的CRH380型列车简化模型为基础,在速度分别为360、420、500km/h的条件下,研究车厢间7种风挡形式对各车厢和车厢连接处气动性能的影响。对比分析结果表明:车厢间风挡形式对车厢的压差阻力和黏性阻力影响不大;上下风挡比侧风挡对车厢的升力影响更大;车厢间采用全风挡与采用典型风挡相比,前者车厢连接处的气动阻力约为后者的7%,而无风挡的车厢连接处的气动阻力约为其50%;若车厢间采用上下和两侧闭式风挡,则车厢连接处的压差阻力约为典型风挡的30%。综合考虑气动性能和工程易实现性,采用上下和两侧闭式风挡形式更适用于高速列车。

Based on a simplified CRH380 model consisting of 3 cars,the influence of 7 inter-car wind-shield schemes on the aerodynamic performance of cars and car-connecting parts was numerically studied at train speeds of 360,420,500 km/h.The analysis and contrast results indicate as follows： The types of inter-car wind-shield schemes have little influence on the aerodynamic pressure drag and viscous drag of cars;the influence of upper and lower wind-shields on the lift of cars is stronger than that of side wind-shields;comparing with the drag of the CRH380 typical wind-shield connecting-parts,the drag of the enclosed wind-shield connecting-parts is about 7% of it,which is the minimum;the drag in the absence of wind-shield connecting-parts is about 50%;and the drag of a connecting-part with upper,lower and both-side wind-shields is about 30%.Considering aerodynamic performance and easy implementation,the scheme with upper,lower and both-side enclosed wind-shields is more suitable for high-speed trains than other wind-shield schemes.