宋词所描写的琵琶音乐及其审美特征

The Pipa Music Depicted in the Ci Poetry of Song Dynasty and Its Aesthetic Features

《全宋词》中涉及对琵琶妓乐的赋咏和描写的词作多达二百五十余篇,除了一般性地描写"琵琶"这一音乐意象之外,还有大量作品是专门赋咏琵琶乐与琵琶妓的。宋词对琵琶音乐的描写主要包括琵琶乐器和琵琶乐曲两大部分,对琵琶乐器的描写往往突显最精美最典型的局部特征,如弦槽、弹拨、弦索和琵琶上的图案,精美而香艳;对琵琶乐曲的描写,分全篇描写和部分描写两种类型,多是调动丰富的联想,通过生动的比喻来加以展现,以苏轼、辛弃疾、晁补之、曾觌等人的表现更为突出。

There are more than 250 Ci poems pertaining to the singing and depiction of pipa music col-lected in the Full Collection of Song Ci, some of which generally depicts the musical image of Pipa, while a great number of which are devoted to singing of the pipa music and pipa prostitutes. The depiction of pipa music in Song Ci mainly includes two major parts： that of the musical instrument and of pipa music. The depiction of the former usually highlights the most exquisite and typical local features, such as string groove, plucking, strings, and printed patterns. While the depiction of the latter,Su Shi,Xin Qi-ji,Chao Bu-zhi, and Zeng Di et al are the most accomplished in arousing readers＂ rich imaginations through vivid metaphors with complete and partial depiction.