世界主要社会主义国家领导人任职制度的历史考察

A Historical Investigation of the Office System of the Leaders in the Major Socialist Countries

社会主义国家的第一代领导人在争取国家独立和民族解放的斗争中作出了巨大贡献,因而这些国家的第一代领导人基本上实行终身制。这是特殊历史条件下的选择,对于各社会主义国家政权的稳固和国民经济的发展都有裨益。1989年邓小平主动提出退休,进而确立了中国最高领导层内的退休制度。这有助于国际共产主义运动和世界社会主义事业重振旗鼓。

The first-generation leaders in socialist countries always earned great reputation due to their great efforts and contributions to fight for the independence and emancipation of their nations. Therefore, on the whole these leaders almost held their leading posts all their lives. And the life-tenure system, which was the choice of history in particular time, was necessary for the solidarity of socialist regime as well as the development of national economy in those socialist countries. Comrade Deng Xiaoping took the initiative to retire in 1989, establishing the regular retirement system in the highest leadership of China. This facili-tates international communist movement and world socialist cause to re-rally and march forward succes-sively.