贵州省主要烟区土壤及烟草中重金属污染状况分析

Analysis on heavy metal contamination in soil and tobacco of tobacco plant areas in Guizhou Province

【目的】探明贵州省主要烟区土壤和烟草中重金属的污染状况,为提高当地烟草品质提供参考。【方法】分别利用火焰原子吸收分光光度法和原子荧光法测定安顺、遵义、兴义和毕节4个烟区的土壤和烟草样品中重金属Cd、Hg、As和Pb的含量。【结果】安顺、遵义、兴义和毕节4个主要烟区土壤中Cd含量高于土壤环境质量二级标准要求,Hg、As和Pb均未超出土壤环境质量二级标准要求,但在调查地区土壤中Hg、As和Pb均有一定积累;烟叶中Cd含量较高,超过了目前的安全标准,As、Hg、Pb在标准范围内。【结论】贵州各主要烟区的土壤及烟草均不同程度受到重金属Cd、Hg、As和Pb的污染。

[Objective]The heavy metal contamintion in tobacco and soil of Guizhou tobacco areas were investigated in order to improve tobacco quality. [Method]The content of heavy metal in the soil and tobacco leaves ,which were collect- ed from the four major tobacco production regions in Guizhou Province, were detected by graphite furnace atomic absorp- tion spectrophotometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry. [Result]The results showed that the content of Cd in soil was higher than the 2＂d Grade Soil Environmental Quality Safety Standard level, while the Hg, As, and Pb contents had not exceeded this safety standard in the tobacco production regions. The Hg, As, and Pb accumulated to a certain level in the investigated soil. The content of Cd in tobacco leaf exceeded the safety standard, while the Hg, As, and Pb contents ranged within the safety standard. [Conclusion lSoil and tobacco in Guizhou tobacco areas were polluted by different levels of heavy metals, including Cd, Hg, As, and Pb.