温度和饲料脂肪水平对松浦镜鲤免疫及抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of dietary lipid levels on immunity and antioxidant function in Songpu mirror carp at different temperatures

在实验室条件下,进行了不同温度(16、23、30℃)与不同饲料脂肪水平(5%、8%、11%、15%)对松浦镜鲤Cyprinus carpio Songpu mirror幼鱼(体质量为5.51 g±0.05 g)免疫和抗氧化能力的影响试验。试验在36个盛水150 L的循环水族箱中进行,共饲养70 d。结果表明:1)16℃时,肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均随饲料脂肪水平的增加而降低,低脂组(5%、8%)显著高于高脂组(11%、15%)(P<0.05);15%脂肪组肝胰脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于8%脂肪组(P<0.05),低脂组(5%、8%)脾脏MDA含量显著高于15%脂肪组(P<0.05)。2)23℃时,肝胰脏溶菌酶(LYZ)活性随着饲料脂肪水平的增加先升高后降低,15%脂肪组肝胰脏LYZ活性显著低于8%脂肪组(P<0.05),5%和15%脂肪组肝胰脏SOD活性显著低于8%和11%脂肪组(P<0.05);肝胰脏MDA和脾脏SOD、MDA均随饲料脂肪水平的增加显著升高(P<0.05)。3)30℃时,15%脂肪组肝胰脏LYZ活性显著低于其他组(P<0.05),5%脂肪组血清IgM质量浓度显著低于11%脂肪组(P<0.05)。4)各温度下,饲料脂肪水平对松浦镜鲤幼鱼脾脏LYZ、血清ALP、C3、C4以及脾脏CAT活性均无显著影响(P>0.05);5)各饲料脂肪水平下,温度都对松浦镜鲤幼鱼免疫和抗氧化指标均产生了显著影响(P<0.05)。综合以上结果,从鱼体免疫角度推测松浦镜鲤幼鱼在16℃和23℃时饲料脂肪添加量分别不宜超过8%和11%。

A feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of dietary lipid levels（5%,8%,11%,and 15%）on immunity and antioxidant function in Songpu mirror carp（Cyprinus carpio L.）juveniles with body weght of 5.51 g±0.05 g stocked into 36 tanks of each 150 Liters with recirculating water and reared for 70 d.at different temperatures（16,23,and 30 ℃）.The results showed that：（1） At 16 ℃,the superoxide dismutase（SOD） and catalase（CAT） activities in the hepatopancreas were found to be significantly increased with the decrease in dietary lipid level（P0.05）,in 5% and 8% lipid groups significantly higher than that in the 11% and 15% groups（P0.05）.There was significantly higher hepatopancreas malondialdehyde（MDA） concentration in the 15% lipid group than that in the 8% group（P0.05）.In the spleen,however,the fish had significantly higher MDA concentration in the 5% and 8% lipid groups than that in the 15% group（P0.05）.（2） At 23 ℃,the lysozyme（LYZ） activity in the hepatopancreas was found to be increased first and then decreased with the decrease in dietary lipid level.The SOD activity in the hepatopancreas was shown to be higher in 5% and 15% dietary lipid groups than that in 8% and 11% dietary lipid groups（P0.05）.There was significantly lower hepatopancreas LYZ activity in the 15% lipid group than that in the 8% group（P0.05）.The hepatopancreas MDA concentration and the spleen SOD,and MDA concentration were significantly increased with the increase in dietary lipid level（P0.05）.（3） At 30 ℃,the hepatopancreatic LYZ activity in the 15% lipid group were significantly lower than thatin other groups,and the serum IgM concentration significantly lower in the 5% lipid group than that in the 15% group（P0.05）.（4）Immunity and antioxidant function were more affected by temperature at different dietary lipid levels（P0.05）.（5） It was concluded that in terms of immunity,the optimum dietary lipid requirement of Songup mirror carp was 8% at 16 ℃ and 11% at 23 ℃.