马铃薯叶面喷施稀土肥料效应研究

Effect of Leaf Spraying Rare Earth Element on Yield of Potato

为提高马铃薯单产及综合利用稀土矿废物,2011年开展了稀土对马铃薯增产效果的研究。试验表明:不同生育时期对马铃薯喷施不同剂量的稀土溶液有增产效果,并同时在凉山州马铃薯主产县进行了控制性生产试验,其结果一致,马铃薯叶面喷施稀土可增产5%～10%;稀土在低浓度时对马铃薯品质有促进作用,高浓度时可产生抑制或毒害作用;马铃薯高产创建宜采取肥促化控、平衡施肥的技术措施,两次喷施与一次喷施稀土产量差异不明显;喷施稀土有助于增加植物叶绿素含量,提高光合速率,提高细胞间隙CO2浓度、叶面指数,降低蒸腾速率、气孔导度和植物截获光强。

The effect of rare-earth element on yield of potato was studied in 2011 for the purpose of enhancing the potato per unit area yield and the comprehensive utilization rare earth ores waste.The result of field experiment showed that different amount of rare earth element spraying on potato could increase the yield at different periods.The experiment of little area acquired the same results at the same time.Rare-earth element could increase yield by 5% to 10%.Low concentration of rare-earth could promote potato quality,while the high concentrate had the suppression or poison function.The potato high production construction should adopt suitably fertilizer promotion and chemical control and the balance fertilizer application,there was no significant difference between twice application and once application of rare earth on potato yield.Spraying the rare earth was helpful to increase plant chlorophyll content,the photosynthesis speed,the intercellular CO2 concentration and the leaf area index,reduce the transpiration speed,stomatal conductance and the plant interception luminous intensity.