人工晶状体植入术后闪光感异常的原因及处理

The causes and interventions of dysphotopsia after intraocular lens implantation

闪光感异常是超声乳化联合人工晶状体植人术后的常见并发症，包括正闪光感异常和负闪光感异常。正闪光感异常是指从外界进入眼内的光线在视网膜上形成的明亮干扰影像，以光亮、条纹为特征。本该参与正常视网膜成像的光线被人工晶状体方边折射后，在正常视网膜像的对应位置形成暗点、暗影等为负闪光感异常。后囊膜混浊，人工晶状体材料、边缘设计，人工晶状体光学部直径，手术切口位置，虹膜和人工晶状体光学部之间距离等都是闪光感异常产生的重要因素。随着人们生活质量的提高，闪光感异常已成为影响人工晶状体植入术后患者视觉质量的重要并发症。本文就闪光感异常的产生原因、影响因素及其处理等方面的研究现状进行综述。

The dysphotopsia is the common complication after intraocular lens （IOL） implantation, which includes positive dysphotopsia and negative dysphotopsia. After IOL implantation the light from outside generates bright images on the retina. This is called positive dysphotopsia. The negative dysphotopsia is that the blind spot and shadow on the retina after IOL implantation because of the photorefraction through the square edge of the IOL. The posterior capsular opacification, the material and the edge design of the IOL, the diameter of IOL optical component, the position of incision and the irisoptic distance are the important influential factors that cause the dysphotopsia. Some patients after IOL implantation suffer from dysphotop sia. It effects their qualities of life. In this article, the reasons, influential factors, treatment and the newly developed examination methods of the dysphotopsia were reviewed.