快速城市化背景下天津市城市景观格局时空动态分析

Spatial-temporal dynamic analysis on city landscape pattern of Tianjin on the background of rapid urbanization

以Landsat卫星TM影像为数据源,选取天津市中心城区及环城四区(北辰区、西青区、东丽区、津南区)为研究对象,利用RS和GIS等技术手段,通过梯度带和梯度方向分析,对研究区2000、2005和2010年的城市景观格局及其变化进行了定量研究。结果表明:文中采用的景观指数能够准确地反映城市空间特征及其动态变化,10年间天津市中心城区及环城四区景观格局变化较大,城市化较高区域主要以建设用地为主,尤以外环附近建设用地增长最快,并出现不断向外转移的趋势,具体扩张方向以东南和西侧为主,主要归因于天津市城市规划政策和经济发展等因素的影响,面对快速城市化的响应,区域绿地/农田与河流/湖泊用地遭到大范围侵占,两个时期变化强度中,2005～2010年变化最大,且最高强度值不断向滨海方向转移。

In this paper the data of Landsat TM images of satellite of Tianjin city center and four surrounding districts were used and selected（Beichen district,Xiqing district,Dongli district,Jinnan district） as the research object,through the gradient belt and direction analysis method,we quantitatively studied the urban landscape pattern and its changes in 2000,2005 and 2010 of the study area by using RS and GIS technology.The Result Indicates the landscape index of this paper can accurately reflect the characteristics of urban space and its dynamic change.The landscape pattern changed a lot in city center and four surrounding districts of Tianjin in a decade.In the higher urbanization region the construction land increased,especially for the construction land near the outer ring,and appeared the trend of the transfer constantly to the southeast and west.These can be attributed to the influence factors of city planning policy and economic development of Tianjin.Facing the response of rapid urbanization,regional green space/farmland and rivers/lakes were occupied greatly,2005~2010 was the biggest changing period.