精神分裂症患者陪护家属的心理状况研究及心理干预对照观察

Investigation of the psychological status of the relatives of psychiatric patients and the compare observation of psychological intervention

目的:了解精神分裂症患者陪护家属的心理状况,探讨对其不良心理采取心理干预的必要性。方法:选取我院精神科80例符合特定入组的精神分裂症患者陪护家属作为研究对象,分为观察组与对照组,对观察组采取相关心理干预措施,对照组不做特殊处置,两组家属均在患者入院当天及患者入院治疗4w时进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)问卷填表调查,对两组所得结果进行统计学分析。结果:两组所得SDS、SAS评分均高于国内常模(P<0.05);观察组经心理干预后SDS、SAS评分显著改善,明显低于对照组,且观察组在心理干预前后自身对照,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:精神分裂症因其复发率、致残率、治疗费用均较高,且病程长,给家属带来了沉重的经济压力和心理负担,家属的心理状况直接影响着患者的康复,因此,研究精神分裂症患者陪护家属的心理状况并及时给予相应的心理干预显得尤为重要。

Objective To investigate the psychological status of the relatives of psychiatric patients,and to explore the necessity of the psychological intervention with unhealthy psychology.Method Eighty cases of relatives of psychiatric patients were chosen from the psychiatry department of our hospital according to the research requirements as the object of study.They were divided into observational group and control group.The former group was taken relevant psychological intervention and the later group was done nothing specific treatment.Both of the two groups were taken questionnaire investigation of the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression(SDS) at the patients′ hospitalized time and after being treated for 4 weeks.The results were analyzed by statistics method.Results The results of self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression(SDS) questionnaire investigation of two groups scored higher than Chinese norms(P<0.05).The scores of self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression(SDS) in the observational group were significantly improved after the psychological intervention,and obviously lower than the control group(P<0.01).Compared with pre-intervention,the statistics results of the observational group were significantly different after four weeks of psychological intervention(P<0.01).Conclusion Schizophrenic disorders brought heavy economic pressure and psychological burden to the relatives of patients for the high relapse rate,high disability rate,high therapeutic expenses and long course of diseases.Moreover,the psychological status of the relatives directly affects the rehabilitation of the patients.Therefore,it is important to investigate the psychological status of the relatives of the psychiatric patients and to take the relevant psychological intervention to them.