北洋政府时期长芦缉私营人事管理制度述论

Review of Changlu Anti-Smuggling Camp Personnel Manage System during the Period of Beiyang Government

长芦缉私营成立于光绪年间,在北洋政府时期得到扩编,建制逐渐完备。其人事管理制度主要包括兵员征募制、官弁考核、升迁制度、革退、替补制等。其中,兵员征募制模仿清末新军标准,但并未按规定执行,以致缉私营兵弁成分复杂,军纪散漫。考核、升迁制虽有规章,但因为可行性差等原因,一直未真正实行。造成缉私兵缉务懈怠,缉私营"人治"色彩浓厚。革退、替补几无定章,更显随意。使得兵员流动频繁。这些都严重影响了其缉私效果。

Changlu anti-smuggling camp, founded in the Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty, was expanded in the period of Beiyang government and its systems gradually became perfect. Its personnel management system mainly comprised recruitment regulation, assessment regulation of officials and soldiers, promotion regulation, resignation and dismissal regulation, and substitution regulation. The recruitment regulation, following the military recruiting standard of Qing Dynasty, was not implemented according to the provisions, so that the anti-smuggling soldiers were recruited from various social backgrounds, undisciplined. Though there were regulations of assessment and promotion, they were also not implemented in practice due to the low feasibility. As a result, under the rule of man the anti-smuggling soldiers were sluggish. Moreover, there were no stable regulations in resignation, dismissal and substitution, thus the management was more arbitrary and the social mobility of soldiers was high. All these had a significant impact on the effect of anti-smuggling.