人工快速渗滤系统微生物生长与分布情况调查研究

Research on the growth and distribution of microorganism in constructed rapid infiltration system system

以深圳白芒的人工快速渗滤(CRI)系统为研究对象,分析了不同温度下CRI系统中各微生物类群以及脱氮功能菌的生长和分布情况。结果表明,CRI系统对污水处理效果较好,出水SS、BOD5和氨氮的去除率在90%以上,COD的去除率在60%以上。CRI系统以硝化作用为主,有机氮基本转换成硝态氮;而反硝化作用去除总氮的效果不明显。CRI系统的微生物发育良好,有着比较高的生物活性。CRI系统中细菌占有绝对优势,各深度填料中的细菌数量均超过108个/mL,比放线菌、真菌高2～4个数量级;脱氮功能菌中,氨化功能菌的数量最多,其次是亚硝化功能菌、反硝化功能菌,硝化功能菌数量最少。在空间分布上,各微生物类群以及大部分脱氮功能菌(除反硝化功能菌外)都呈现出从填料上层到下层数量逐渐减少的规律。

Constructed rapid infiltration （CRI） system in Baimang,Shenzhen was selected as research target to investigate the effect of temperature on growth and distribution of different microorganism and denitrification func- tional bacteria in CRI system. The results showed that CRI system presented perfect sewage treatment performance, the SS,BOD5 and ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached over 90% ,and more than 60% of COD was also removed af- ter infiltration. Nitrification was the important microbiological process in CRI system, almost all the organic nitrogen was converted into nitrate nitrogen,while the total nitrogen removal by denitrification was not obvious. Microbial com- munities were growth well in CRI system; they had a relatively high biological activity. The quantity of bacteria took an absolute advantage in the media of all different depths in the CRI system, which was more than 108 units per mL and had 2-4 orders of magnitude more than the quantity of Fungus and Actinomycete. In the denitrification functional bacteria, the number of ammonification bacteria was largest, which was followed by nitrification bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria. In the regard of distribution,most kind of the microorganism and denitrification func- tional bacteria （except denitrification functional bacteria） in CRI showed the discipline that the biomass decreased with the decline of depth.