财政社会保障支出与中国城乡收入差距——理论分析与计量检验

Finance Social Security Expenditure and Income Gap Between Urban and Rural——Theoretical Analysis and Econometric Test

文章分析了财政社会保障支出影响城乡居民收入差距的内在机理,并使用1998～2010年的省级面板数据,通过动态系统广义矩方法(sys-GMM)对相关的理论分析进行了计量检验。结果显示:人均财政社会保障支出、社会保障占财政支出的比例与我国的城乡差距之间均存在着显著的正相关关系,即财政用于社会保障方面的支出扩大了城乡差距。而在控制了财政社会保障支出水平以后,随着财政社会保障支出的城镇偏好程度上升,城乡差距也将显著扩大。最后提出了相关的政策建议。

This paper analyzes the internal mechanism that fiscal expenditure of social security income impact on gap between urban and rural residents. Then we use dynamic provincial panel data from 1998 to 2010 through the method of system generalized method of moments to estimate of the theoretical analysis. The results show： there were significant positive correlation between the per capita fiscal expenditure on social security, the proportion of social security in total expenditure with income gap between urban and rural. And in the control of the level of fiscal expenditure on social security, if the town preference in fiscal expenditure of social security increased, the income gap between urban and rural areas will also be significantly expanded. Finally, some policy recommendations are put forward.