陕西省大荔县农村残疾人心理健康评估调查分析

Assessment of Mental Health among the Disabled People in the Rural Area of Dali County,Shaanxi Province

[目的]了解目前农村残疾人的心理健康状况，为未来残疾人心理卫生服务工作提供参考依据。[方法]采用整群抽样方法，抽取4个村的残疾人260名（精神残疾和智力残疾除外），使用症状自评量表（Symptom CheckList-90，SCL-90）进行问卷调查。[结果]大荔县残疾人SCL-90量表的9项因子平均分为1．73-2．19。各因子分≥2的检出率在38．6％-56．6％，前5位检出率为56．6％-51．4％，分别是强迫症状、抑郁、精神病性、躯体化、人际关系。男性和女性残疾人的因子得分在人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖方面的差异有统计学意义，均为女性表现更明显。[结论]当地农村残疾人普遍存在心理问题，社会应予高度重视，需要帮助残疾人改善心理健康状况，提高生活质量和沟通能力。

[ Objective ] To evaluate mental health status of the rural disabled population, so as to provide reference for future mental health service to help them. [ Methods ] A total of 260 disabled people （except those with psychic disability or intellectual disability） were cluster sampled from 4 villages and completed a Symptom Check List-90 （SCL-90）. [ Results ] of the study subjects, the average scores of 9 SCL-90 items were 1.73-2.19. The detection rate of item scores greater than 2 ranged from 38.6% to 56.6%. The top five items were obsessive symptoms, depression, psychotic symptoms, somatization, and human relations, with high detection rates of 56.6%-51.4%. The scores of human relations, depression, anxiety and phobia were significantly higher in the female disabled people than in the male ones. [ Conclusion ] Psychological problems are prevailing among the rural disabled people, which call for much more attention to the improvement of their mental health, quality of life, and communication ability.