构树不同无性系间叶片营养成分及叶形的变化

Change of Nutrients and Shape of Broussonetia papyrifera Leaves from Different Clones

以3个构树(Broussonetia papyrifera(L.)Vent.)无性系的叶片为试验材料,对其营养成分和叶片形态进行了测定和分析,揭示了其变化规律及其相关性。结果表明:花皮构树(构树1号)的粗蛋白质量分数最高,与红皮构树(构树2号)和白皮构树(构树3号)差异显著;粗纤维、粗灰分和钙的质量分数最低,钙、磷比也最低。3个构树无性系叶片中均含有17种氨基酸,其中花皮构树的氨基酸总量最大。构树不同无性系间叶片的面积、长度、宽度和叶柄长度无显著差异。粗蛋白质量分数、磷质量分数和氨基酸质量分数与叶面积、叶片长度呈正相关,而与叶柄长度呈负相关;粗纤维质量分数、钙质量分数和粗灰分质量分数与叶柄长度呈正相关。可见,花皮构树的叶片营养价值较好,其叶片更适合做畜禽饲料。

An experiment was conducted to study the changes of nutrients and shape of Broussonetia paFyrifera leaves from three clones. The variation pattern and correlation of leaf nutrient contents and leaf shape were revealed. Results showed that the crude protein content in ＂striped skin＂ B. papyrifera （ NO. 1 ） was the highest, followed by ＂red skin＂ B. papyrifera （NO. 2） and ＂white skin＂ B. papyrifera （NO. 3 ）, indicating a significant difference between different clones. The contents of ernde fiber, crude ash and calcium in ＂striped skin＂ B. papyrifera were the lowest, and the calcium to phosphorus ratio was also the lowest. The B. papyrifera leaves from these three clones contained 17 kinds of amino acids, and the total amino acid content of ＂striped skin＂ B. papyrifera was the highest. No significant differences in leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, and petiole length were found between different clones. There were positive correlations between contents of crude protein, phosphorus, amino acids and leaf area and leaf length, but there were negative correlations between contents of crude protein, phosphorus, amino acids and petiole length. The contents of crude fiber, calcium, crude ash were highly positively correlated with petiole length. It indicates that the nutritional value of ＂striped skin＂ B. papyrifera leaves is better, which are more suitable to be used as livestock feed.