基于DEM的地形与植被分布关联分析

Analysis of Correlation Between Terrain and Forest Spatial Distribution Based on DEM

在地理信息系统软件ArcGIS 9.2的支持下,建立了热带林业实验中心数字高程模型(DEM),提取了海拔、坡度、坡向的地形因子,并与热带林业实验中心2009年森林资源调查数据进行叠加分析,探讨了热带林业实验中心森林资源空间分布与地形因子(海拔、坡度、坡向)的相关关系。结果表明:热带林业实验中心各植被类型受地形影响明显,桉树具有速生性,对立地条件要求较高,趋向分布于海拔250 m以下、坡度较缓的(半)阳坡;杉木趋向分布在海拔250～500 m范围内的阴坡地带;马尾松明显趋向分布于(半)阳坡,因具有较广的适应性。

A digital elevation model （DEM） for the Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry was established based on ArcGIS 9.2 geographical information system software. The topographic factor information such as ele- vation, slope gradient, slope aspect and etc. were extracted. Then an overlay analysis of the extracted factors and the data of forest resource investigated in 2009 was carried out, which is aimed to discuss the correlation between topography and the spatial distribution of forest resources in the study area. Result show that the vegetation type of the Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry is affected greatly by its topography. Eucalyptus trees, a fast-growing species, have higher require- ments for site conditions, which tend to distribute on gentle （semi） sunny slopes below an altitude of 250 m. Fir trees tend to distribute on shady slopes at altitudes of 250-500 m. Masson pine trees tend to distribute on （semi） sunny slopes, which have a wide adaptability.