高活性铝基复合材料制氢技术

Study on hydrogen generation based on high active Al-base composites

采用机械球磨法制备了具有高活性的铝基复合制氢材料。探讨了具有氧化还原性的CuCl和SnCl2对Al水反应产氢性能的影响。结果表明:Al-SnCl2体系的产氢性能较好,其最大放氢速率可达1 986 mL/(g.min),但其产氢率不高。为提高Al-SnCl2体系的产氢率,考察了用金属(Zn、Ti、Mg、Bi、Cr、Ga)部分替代SnCl2得到的三元或多元体系在室温下与水反应的放氢性能。结果表明:Bi的部分替代,可显著改善Al-SnCl2体系的产氢率,Al-SnCl2-Bi的产氢率可达98.9%。采用X-射线衍射仪对所制铝基复合材料与水反应前后的物相进行分析,分析结果表明:Sn和Bi没有参与反应,只是与Al形成了腐蚀电池,有利于Al与水的反应。研制的高活性铝基复合制氢材料有望为移动氢源提供氢气。

A high active Al-base composites for fast hydrogen generation in pure water was prepared by ball milling.The effects of CuCl or SnCl2 on the performance of hydrogen generation by the reaction of Al with pure water were studied.The results show the Al-SnCl2 composites demonstrate a high generation hydrogen rate [1 986 mL/（g·min）,at 25 ℃].However,its conversion yield is relatively low.For improving the conversion yield,Al-SnCl2-M（Zn,Ti,Cr,Bi,Mg and Ga） composites were prepared.The performance of hydrogen generation of Al-SnCl2-M composites was discussed.One finds that doping metal Bi into the above Al-SnCl2 composite is beneficial to enhance the conversion yield（ca.98.9%）.The XRD patterns of the Al-SnCl2 and Al-SnCl2-Bi composite show that Sn and Bi does not take part in the reaction.Sn and Bi only form corrosion cell with Al which favors to the reaction of Al with water.