短期竞争优势研究综述

The review on temporary competitive advantage

自战略管理理论诞生以来,其隐含的研究假设就认为持续竞争优势是存在的。因此,如何获得持续竞争优势就成为战略管理理论研究的中心内容。但是,市场环境的复杂多变使得企业越来越难以保持竞争优势。近年来的许多研究表明,所谓持续竞争优势通常是罕见的或快速衰减的,因而受到了越来越多的质疑。因此,国外许多学者转而开始了关于短期竞争优势的探索和研究。目前,国外学术界存在着关于短期竞争优势的三种研究流派:一是基于行动的短期竞争优势研究流派,二是基于资源的短期竞争优势研究流派,三是基于业绩的短期竞争优势研究流派。

Since the naissance of strategic management theory, there has been a connotative hypothesis that sustainable competitive advantage does exist. Therefore, how to achieve the sustainable competitive advantage becomes the main focus of studies concerning strategic management theories. However, it seems increasingly difficult for an enterprise to ensure its competitive advan- tage due to the complexity and uncertainty of the market environment. For the past few years, many studies show that the so - called competitive advantage is usually rare or declines fast, thus it is facing more and more doubts. As a result, many foreign scholars start to explore and study temporary competitive advantage. At present, there are three schools of temporary competitive advantage grounding on action, resource, and performance, respectively in the foreign academic cirele.