青海木里地区天然气水合物反射地震试验研究

An Experimental Study of Natural Gas Hydrates in the Muli Region, Qinghai Province by the Seismic Reflection Method

天然气水合物是一种新型潜在能源,广泛分布于大陆边缘海底沉积物和陆上永久冻土带中。2008年,在我国祁连山冻土区首次钻获天然气水合物实物样品。2010年,作者在木里地区开展了反射地震方法探测天然气水合物的试验研究,通过综合分析解释反射地震和测井及地质资料,初步认为含天然气水合物介质形成的反射波在地震剖面上具有低速、弱振幅、高频的特征。在成藏机制上,天然气水合物的分布与深部断裂破碎带有关,天然气沿深部断裂构造向上运移,并受冻土层的封闭而富集,在合适的温压条件下形成天然气水合物矿藏。

Natural gas hydrates are a new potential energy source, which are distributed widely in continental margin sediments and permafrost on land. In 2008, object samples of natural gas hydrates were obtained for the first time by drilling in the permafrost region of the Qilian Mountains in China. In 2010, an experimental study of natural gas hydrates in the Mull region by the seismic reflection method was carried out. Comprehensive analyses and interpretation of the seismic, well log and geological data suggest that reflections formed by natural gas hydrates on seismic profiles are characterized by low velocity, low amplitude and high frequency. The distribution of natural gas hydrates is associated with fracture zones. On its forming mechanism, the gas moved up along the deep fault, was sealed and accumulated by the permafrost, and formed reservoirs in suitable temperature -pressure conditions.