对安德森“类型学”权力思想的几点思考

Study on Anderson's Typological Power Theory

安德森在对西方社会历史与现实的研究中,逐步形成了一种基于唯物史观的"具体的类型学"的权力阐释模式,并在这一模式下分析了英国独特的"三角地形学"的权力结构模式。安德森在有关西方资产阶级权力结构的说明中,揭示出葛兰西"领导权"理论中所存在的矛盾和问题,并提出了自己的整体主义的解释,即经济是基础,文化是主导,政治是决定性因素。这一"类型学"的权力思想既蕴含着一种深层的结构主义思想和意识,也在具体的历史与现实中超越了结构主义,从而使对权力的解释回到了历史唯物主义的思想中。

This paper is to discuss Anderson＇s power structure thought. From the study of history and reality in the western society, Anderson put forward a ＂concrete typological＂ power mode of explana- tion based on the historical materialism, and according to the explanation mode, he analyzed the ＂trian- gular topography＂ model of the British power structure. Meanwhile, in the explanation of the bour- geois power structure in the west, Anderson revealed the contradictions which contained in Gramsci＇s hegemonic theory, and then gave his holistic theory, which is economy is the fundament, culture is dominant, and politics is decisive. We have to say, the ＂typological＂ power theory contains a deep structuralism consciousness and thought, it＇s also a concretely historical and realistic combination; therefore, it transcends structuralism and towards the historical materialism explanation.