民族地区农村老年人心理健康状况及其影响因素研究

Mental Health and Influence Factors of Elderly People in the National Rural Areas

目的了解民族地区农村老年人心理健康现状,探究民族地区农村老年人心理健康影响因素。方法本研究采用访谈和测量法对150多位民族地区农村老年人心理健康状况及其影响因素进行研究。运用SPSS17.0统计软件对收集的数据进行处理分析。结果①民族地区农村老年人躯体化(t=3.563,P<0.01)、强迫症(t=2.348,P<0.05)、抑郁(t=5.255,P<0.01)、焦虑(t=4.817,P<0.01)、敌对(t=2.630,P<0.05)、恐怖(t=2.321,P<0.05)、偏执(t=2.928,P<0.01)、精神性病(t=2.989,P<0.01)因子得分与城镇老年人存在显著的差异;②民族地区老年人社会支持的获得呈年龄上的阶段性特征;③民族地区老年人的受教育程度与心理健康总分显著相关(r=-0.441,P<0.01)、年龄与精神性病因子显著相关(r=0.306,P<0.05),另外来自家人的支持与心理健康关系密切。结论①民族地区农村老年人心理健康状况较差;②受教育程度、年龄等人口学变量以及社会支持是民族地区农村老年人心理健康的重要影响因素。

Objective To explore mental health and influence factors of elderly people in the national rural areas.Methods Methods of interview and measure were used.Using SPSS17.0 to analyze data we collected.Results ①There were significant differences of scores in somatoform disorder（t=3.563,P0.01）,obsessive-compulsive disorder（t=2.348,P0.05）,depression（t=5.255,P0.01）,anxiety（t=4.817,P0.01）,hostile（t=2.630,P0.05）,phobias（t=2.321,P0.05）,negativism（t=2.928,P0.01）,psychoses（t=2.989,P0.01）between elderly people in rural areas and in towns.② Characteristics of age stage showed in elderly people＇s social support;③ There would be statistically significant correlation between anthropology variables such as education background（r=-0.441,P0.01）,age（r=0.306,P0.05）.etc.life satisfaction（r=-0.363,P0.05） and mental health.Otherwise,there were close relationships between family members＇support and mental health.Conclusion ①Elderly people in the national rural areas have poor mental health condition;②Anthropology variables such as education background,age.etc.social support have great effects on elderly peoples＇ mental health.