司法裁量中的价值取舍与修辞技艺——以著作权法为例证

The Value Choice and Rhetoric in Judicial Decision: Examples from Copyright Law

不同于逻辑学中的叙述三段论,司法三段论中的大前提——法律规范不是对客观事实的简单描摹,而是蕴含价值取向的伦理命题。在一般情形下,法官只需以该价值尺度去评价并拣选案件事实,即可得出公正之判决。但当法律规范与社会共识发生重大冲突时,法官便不得不重新进行价值取舍,并通过巧妙的修辞技艺使其判词既符合现有的逻辑体系,又以最俭省的方式让当事人及公众理解与接受。

Different from narrative syllogism in logic, the major premise, that is the norm of law, in judicial syllogism, is not a simple description about objective facts, but an ethic thesis underlying value orientation. Just abiding by this value orientation, judges can evaluate and select facts and bring in a fair verdict generally. However, when there＇s a grave conflict between the norm of law and social common views, judges have to make a new choice of values, and try to accord his decision with existing norm logically and convince parties in action and the public economically through crafty rhetoric.