磁性、球帽附着体和传统卡环固位体在老年下颌可摘局部义齿修复中的应用价值比较

Comparative of application value among the magnetic attachments,cap attachment and traditional snap ring retainer in elderly patients with mandibular removable partial denture repair

目的探讨磁性附着体、球帽附着体和传统卡环固位体在老年下颌可摘局部义齿修复中的应用价值。方法选择本院2009年3月～2010年3月收治的老年牙列缺损患者60例,其中20例患者下颌40颗基牙安装磁性附着体(磁性组),20例患者40颗基牙安装球帽附着体(球帽组),另外20例患者40颗基牙采用传统卡环固位修复(卡环组),治疗后随访观察三组患者修复的满意度,测量牙周袋深度、牙槽骨高度。结果磁性组在美观、固位、舒适度和咀嚼等方面患者满意度均明显高于卡环组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),牙龈指数和基牙松动度三组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),磁性组、球帽组牙周袋深度与卡环组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),三组间牙槽骨高度差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论磁性附着体在老年下颌可摘局部义齿修复中,固定效果较好,患者舒适度明显优于球帽及传统卡环固定,可以减少牙槽骨吸收,保证牙周健康,基牙稳定,进而提高义齿的使用寿命,值得推广应用。

Objective To investigate the application value of magnetic attachments,cap attachment and traditional snap ring retainer in the elderly patients with mandibular removable partial denture repair.Methods 60 cases of elderly patients with dentition defects in our hospital from March 2009 to March 2010 were selected,20 cases of patients（40 abutments） were given installation of magnetic attachment（magnetic group）,20 cases of patients（40 abutments） were given installation of cap attachment（cap group）,other 20 cases of patients（40 abutments） were given clasp retention repair（snap ring group）,repair satisfaction of three groups of patients after treatment was followed-up and periodontal pocket depth,alveolar bone height were measured.Results The repair satisfaction of magnetic group in aesthetics,retention,comfort and chew aspects were significantly higher than the snap ring group,the differences were all statistically significant（all P 0.05）,the differences of gingival index and tooth mobility among the three groups were statistically significant（P 0.05）,periodontal pocket depth of magnetic group and cap group was statistically different from snap ring group（P 0.05）,the differences of alveolar bone height between three groups were statistically significant（P 0.05）.Conclusion The magnetic attachments in the elderly patients with mandibular removable partial denture repair can fix better,patients′ comfort is significantly better than the cap and snap ring,it can reduce the absorption of alveolar bone,ensure the periodontal health and the stability of the abutment teeth,then increase the service life of the denture,so it is worthy of clinical application.