湖泊生态修复基准环境的制定:古生态学面临的机遇

Establishing reference condition for lake restoration: the opportunity for palaeoecology

全球范围内的湖泊生态环境均出现了不同程度的退化,对其进行生态修复的最终目的,就是要将受损的生态系统尽量恢复到人类干扰前或接近人类干扰前的生态状况,即基准环境.湖泊生态系统是长期演化的产物,其形成及演化机制必须从历史的视角加以考察,因此基于湖泊沉积物的古生态学技术在制定基准环境方面有着独特的优势.本文从基准环境的定义、建立的常用方法、基本特征和典型应用几个方面介绍了古生态学手段在湖泊生态修复中的应用,提出中国今后利用古生态学手段在水环境治理工作的应用前景.

Ecological deterioration of lakes is a worldwide phenomenon. The ultimate objective for their restoration is to achieve ＇ good ecological quality＇ , which is with no, or only very minor, anthropogenic alterations to lake environment. Since current lake ecosystems are developed from the origin over a long time-scale, palaeoecological techniques based on lake sediments have several advantages in establishing lake reference condition. This review introduced the definition, methods, features and application of ref- erence condition in lake restoration. Finally, some potential research themes were proposed for the application of palaeoecological techniques in the restoration of Chinese waterbodies.