森林碳生产的认识、方式与政策保障

Cognition,Mode and Policy Guarantees of Forest Carbon Production

森林的生产实践活动伴随人类社会文明进程变换其利用方式,森林减碳利用在应对全球气候变化过程中引人关注。森林碳生产作为森林减碳利用的具体表现形式,是森林生态文明的实践进步。本研究从生态、社会、经济等3个方面认识森林碳生产,分析人工造林、森林灾害防治、延迟采伐、土地利用变化等4种最为主要的碳生产方式,提出完善人工造林激励政策、完善采伐限额制度、采取适当的碳税和碳补偿政策、建立有效的碳排放权交易制度等4个方面的政策保障,进而更好地发挥森林在全球气候变化过程中的重要作用。

With the process of human civilization,forest production practice has transformed the patterns of utilization;utilizing forest to reduce carbon emission is nowadays widely concerned in response to global climate change.As a specific form of utilizing forest for less carbon emission,forest carbon production is actually a practice progress of forest ecological civilization.Based on this understanding,from ecological,social and economic aspects,this study makes an effort to probing into forest carbon production,and analyzes four kinds of major carbon production methods：afforestation,forest disaster prevention,harvesting delay,and changes of land use.Finally,this paper proposes four policy guarantees：promoting artificial afforestation incentive policies,improving logging quota system,enforcing appropriate carbon taxes and carbon offset policies,and establishing an effective carbon emission trading system,so as to better the important role that forest plays in global climate change.