正演模拟技术指导下的小断层精细刻画

The Small Fault Meticulous Depiction under the Guidance of the Forward Modeling Simulation Technology

断层对油气运移、聚集起着至关重要的控制作用,是一种很重要的地质构造。随着油气勘探开发的不断深入,小断层所形成的油气藏越来越具有商业价值。小断层和岩性突变的反射特征在地震剖面上具有一定的相似性,为了在解释中进一步明确其反射特征的差异,精确刻画出小断层,分别设计了3m、5m小断层地质模型和砂岩叠置模型,正演模拟得到相应的地震剖面,分析其地震响应特征。研究表明,小断层发育部位反射波组有统一错断现象、小断层在横向上具有一定的延伸长度等,都有别于岩性突变造成的单一反射层错断和延伸短等特征。

Fault plays a crucial role in the hydrocarbon migration,aggregation,which is a very important geological structure.Some small faults have gained greater commercial value with the growth in oil and gas exploration and development.The reflection characteristics of small faults and lithology mutation has a certain similarity.The small faults geological models with 3,5m and sandstone stackset model were designed in order to further clarify its the differences of reflection characteristics,and then analyze the seismic response characteristics.The research shows that the reflection wave group have unified faulted phenomena,and the small fault has certain extension length in the transverse,which are different from the single reflecting layer leap and shorter extension features caused by lithology mutation.