贵州规模化养殖场肉牛的血液原虫病感染情况调查

Investigation on Infecting Situation of Blood Protozoon Disease in a Large-scale Cattle Farm in Guizhou

为了探明贵州肉牛养殖场的血液原虫病种类、发病季节及肉牛的感染率、发病率、死亡率,为其综合防治提供科学依据,采用牛颈静脉无菌采血制成涂片,经干燥、固定和姬姆萨氏染色后镜检,通过实验室诊断和1年病历统计,对贵州某规模化肉牛养殖场血液原虫病的种类、血液原虫病与季节的关系进行调查。结果表明:1)贵州某规模化肉牛养殖场的血液原虫病种类主要为双芽巴贝斯虫病、巴贝斯虫病、瑟氏泰勒虫病、附红细胞体病和无形体病5种。2)血液原虫病具有明显的季节性,主要发生在气温较高的5—10月,与吸血虫——蜱的出没时间一致,且外来牛的血液原虫病感染率高于本地黄牛。3)蜱对不同肉牛品种(寄主)有明显的选择性,对安格斯肉牛的寄生性最高,血液原虫对安格斯肉牛的感染率也最高。结论:规模化肉牛养殖场的肉牛感染血液原虫的种类多,外来牛和本地黄牛均不同程度地感染血液原虫,吸血虫(蜱)是血液原虫的主要传播媒介。

By the laboratory diagnose combining with medical records in one year,an investigation was conducted on the kinds of blood protozoon diseases of a certain large-sized beef cattle farm in Guizhou and the relationship between the blood protozoon disease and the season to explore the blood protozoon species,occurring disease and the infection rate,morbidity and death rate of beef cattle,so as to provide a scientific reference for its comprehensive control.The results showed that： 1） The major types of blood protozoon included Babesia bigemine,Babesia,Theileriosissergenti,Eperythrozoonosis and Anaplasma disease;2） The blood protozoon disease presented eviden seasonality,and occurred in the high temperature months（May-October） which was consistent with the time of hematophagous bug＇s going out and coming in;3） The ticks have evident selectivity on different host-beef breed,especially with regard to the Angus beef.Conclusion：The cattle were infected with kinds of blood protozoon in the large-scale cattle farm in Guizhou,the alien cattle and local cattery were infected by blood protozoon in various degree and the tick was the major medium to transmit blood protozoon.