板栗授粉受精与结果枝叶片营养的关系

Correlation between Nutrition Materials in Leaves of Bearing Shoot during Pollination and Fertilization of Chestnut

以"燕山早丰"板栗为试材,在授粉受精期间采集结果枝叶片,测定营养物质含量,以期探明板栗授粉受精的营养基础。结果表明:板栗授粉受精期间,除P以外,结果枝叶片内可溶性糖、淀粉、C/N、N、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、B的含量变化显著,且存在一定相关性。(1)可溶性糖、淀粉、C/N在授粉前期增加,之后逐渐下降;(2)N和K含量在授粉前期保持稳定,之后逐渐下降,其中K降幅较大;Ca、Mg含量均呈现降-增-降的变化趋势;Fe、B含量在授粉前期呈增加趋势,之后大幅下降;(3)N、K、Fe、B营养元素彼此间存在协同作用,而Ca、Mg对上述元素存在拮抗作用。因此,板栗授粉受精期间需要N、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、B,在盛花期及时施肥,但应考虑元素间的相互作用。

The changes of mineral nutrition, soluble sugar, starch, carbon and nitrogen ratio in leaves of bearing shoot of chestnut during pollination and fertilization were examined. The result showed that the contents of soluble sugar, starch, carbon and nitrogen ratio, nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and boron during pollination and fertilization showed significant differences. However, the content Of phosphorus showed no significant difference. The contents of soluble sugar, starch, carbon and nitrogen ratio increased in the early time after pollination, and then decreased gradually. The contents of potassium and nitrogen re mained at a stable level in the early stage and then continued to decline. The changes in calcium and magnesium contents showed the same trend, both of them decreased then it gradually rose to a higher level. After fertilization , it at the early stage of pollination and .fertilization, began to decline. The contents of iron and boron rose at the early stage during pollination and fertilization and then began to increase. There existed correlation among the nutrients. Nitrogen, potassium, iron and boron had synergistic effect on each other. Calcium and magnesium had antagonistic effect on them. It could be concluded that nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and boron were needed during pollination and fertilization. So timely fertilization in the flowering stage is necessary, but the interaction between the elements should be taken into account.