司马迁和《史记》的孝道思想

The Filial Piety Thought of Sima Qian and Historical Records

司马迁和《史记》的孝道思想,主要包括"尊敬"、"奉养"、"承志"、"立身扬名"、"安葬追念"等内容和规范。一个人如何才能做到孝?司马迁主张,要尊敬和顺事父母,对父母应该竭尽全力奉养,奉养父母是子女的义务,要继承父母志向,完成父母遗愿,要努力建功立业,立身扬名,以光耀祖宗和父母,父母仙逝,要"持丧"、"侍丧"、"居丧"、"服丧",以礼安葬,守孝追思,在兄弟之间应该"孝慈"、"孝悌"。司马迁严格恪守孝道,并因孝道而成就了自己和《史记》。

The Filial Piety Thought of Sima Qian and Historical Records mainly includes some contents about filial responsibili-ty, such as respect, supporting parents and inheriting their ideal, gaining fame and position, holding a funeral in memory of the dead. How to be filial for a person？ Sima Qian asserted people should respect and be obedient to their parents. According to the du- ty of supporting, we ought to try our best to take care of parents. He also put forward the belief about inheriting parents＇ ideal and accomplishing their last wish. In addition, they should make achievements and gain fame and position to bring honor to the family name. If a person＇ s morn or dad passed away, for memory he should be supposed to hold a funeral and observe mourning for his parent. What＇ s more, brothers should treat each other with filial piety and fraternity. Because of following the spirit of filial piety strictly, $ima Qian made a great success of himself and Historical Records.