日语波行声母P音再考——与保留上古声母特征的闽南语的P音对照

The Study of Japanese P-sound Reconsidered——A Comparison of Southern Min Dialect’s P-sound

本文通过考察日语波行万叶假名的闽南语发音,对古代日语中P音的存在提供了新的考证,并对バ行声母在古代是否是B音及日语上古音中是否存在H音进行了分析验证,得出了以下结论:万叶假名的汉字在古汉语中读P音,为波行声母在古代日语读P音提供了新的佐证,且不送气的读法多于送气的读法;バ行声母可能不仅仅读作B音,而是经过了B音、P音混用的阶段,最后才逐渐固定为B音;古代日语中也有可能存在H音。非、敷、奉3母所对应的万叶假名,有可能读作P音、H音或F音。

This paper investigates the Southern Min Dialect pronunciation of Chinese character used in Ha-line of Manyo-gana （a form of syllabary used in the Manyo-shu or Collection of Myriad Leaves ） , provides new evidence for the existence of P-sound in ancient Japanese, and analyzes whether the pronunciation of Ba-line Initials in ancient is B-sound and whether H-sound exists in the ancient Japanese. As a conclusion, the research shows that Ha-line＇ s Chinese character pronounced with P-sound in ancient times increase the possibility of P-sound＇ s existence, and unaspirated pronunciation is probably more commonly used than aspirated pronunciation. The Ba-line Initial Consonants is originally not only pronounced as B-sound, but also goes through a B, P-sound mix stage with a clear distinction, and finally gradually settles for B-sound. H-sound probably exists in ancient Japanese. The corresponding Manyo-gana of ＂Fei, Fu, Feng＂ Initial Consonants are probably pronounced as P, H or F-sound.