回道对话与文化共享——宁夏固原二十里铺拱北的人类学解读

The Dialogue and Cultural Sharing between Islam and Taoism: An Anthropological Interpretation to the Er-shi-li-pu Qubbah of South Ningxia

以回族为载体的伊斯兰文化与汉文化传统在中国互动了上千年的时间,这种互动可以区分为两个层次:在"大传统"或知识层次上,主要是"回——儒"对话,体现在明清时代的回族汉文译著运动当中,学术界对此已有不少研究;在"小传统"或草根层次上,则主要是"回——道"对话,体现在西北地区的苏非门宦及其拱北信仰当中。本文通过对二十里铺拱北这一地区性个案的研究,认为与拱北信仰相关的一整套文化设置都体现着回汉之间在草根层次上的文化对话与文化共享。

The Islamic culture embodied by Hui people in China has interacted with traditional Chinese culture for more than one thousand years. We can identify this interaction into two levels： on the level of ＂Great Tradition＂ or intel- lectual, it is mainly Islam-Confucianism Dialogue which was materialized by Hui＇s Chinese Translation Movement in the Ming and Qing dynasty and has been studied so much before; on the level of ＂Little Tradition＂ or grass-roots soci- ety, it is mainly Islam-Taoism Dialogue showed in the Sufi orders of northwest China and their religious practice of Qubbah or shrines. Through the case study of the Er-shi-li-pu Qubbah, the paper argues that the whole cultural setup related to Qubbah practice is always reflecting the cultural dialogues and cultural sharing between Hui Muslim and Han Chinese on the grass-roots level