鸽β-防御素5基因克隆及其抗菌活性

Cloning and antimicrobial activity of pigeon avian β-defensin 5

从鸽的骨髓和肝组织中扩增到2个禽β-防御素(AvBD)基因,在大肠杆菌中高效表达,检测其重组蛋白的抗菌活性。应用RT-PCR方法从鸽的骨髓和肝脏组织中扩增AvBD5基因,根据已发现的禽β-防御素和部分哺乳类动物β-防御素-5的氨基酸序列构建系统进化树,将该基因克隆到大肠杆菌原核表达载体pGEX-6p-1上进行原核表达,对该重组蛋白进行纯化,测定体外抗菌活性与理化特性。测序得到这2个基因的cDNA大小均为201 bp,编码66个氨基酸残基,内含6个位置保守的半胱氨酸残基。经遗传进化分析发现,该基因推导的两组氨基酸序列与鸭AvBD5的同源性最高,分别为87.9%和78.8%,这两组氨基酸序列的同源性为83.3%。因此,将其分别命名为鸽AvBD5α(骨髓)和鸽AvBD5β(肝脏)。进一步将这两个基因分别亚克隆到大肠杆菌pGEX-6p-1载体中进行原核表达。两个重组融合蛋白经纯化后,通过菌落计数法测定其体外抗菌活性,盐离子浓度对其抗菌活性的影响,及其融合蛋白的溶血活性。结果表明,重组鸽AvBD 5α、AvBD 5β融合蛋白的分子量约为32 kDa。具有明显的抗菌活性,对12种细菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,高盐浓度对其抗菌活性显著影响。此外,这两个重组蛋白对红细胞无显著溶血活性。

The objective of the study was to clone avian 13-defensin （AvBD） 5 gene from pigeon bone marrow tissues and liver tissues, to express the recombinant AvBD5 protein in E. coli, and to determine its antimicrobial activity. The mRNA of duck AvBD5 was cloned from pigeon bone marrow tissues and liver tissues by RT-PCR. In addition, phylogenetic relationships between amino acid sequence of the pigeon AvBD5, AvBDs from other avian species, and some mammalian beta-defensin-5 were analyzed. The cDNA of pigeon AvBD5 was sub-cloned into pGEX-6p-1 vector to construct recombinant plasmid pGEX-pigeon AvBD5. The recombinant protein was expressed into E. coli and purified. Antimicrobial activity and physical-chemical stability of the recombinant fusion protein were measured in vitro. The complete nucleotide sequence of both cDNAs contained 201 bp nucleotides, encoding a polypeptide of 66 amino acids. Both β-defensins have six conserved cysteines. Phylogenetic relationships were analyzed. Both pigeon dvBDs shared the highest amino acid homology （87.9% and 78.8%） with duck AvBDS. So it was named as pigeon AvBD5a （bone marrow） and AvBD5β （liver）. Both recombinant plasmids were transformed into E. coli BL21 and the bacteria were induced with Isopropy1β-D-1-Thiogalactopyranoside （IPTG）. After purification, antibacterial activity of the purified was investigated. In addition, effect of ionic strength on the antibacterial activity, and hemolytic recombinant protein activity of the purified recombinant protein were investigated. A 32 kDa protein was highly expressed. Both purified recombinant pigeon AvBDSct and AvBDSβ exhibited extensive antimicrobial activities against 12 bacteria, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative. In high salt ions concentrations, antibacterial activity of both recombinant proteins was decreased. In addition, the hemolysis activity of recombinant protein was extremely low.