木质碳纤维材料的活化与功能化

Activation and functionalization of wooden carbon fiber materials

为探讨用木质生物质替代石油等化石资源,制备新型功能化活性碳纤维材料,系统归纳了木质碳纤维在以下几方面的研究现状与发展趋势:1)以木质生物质为原料,通过固化、炭化,物理、化学活化处理,制备活性木材液化物碳纤维;2)通过孔隙调整、表面改性和离子化处理,对活性木材液化物碳纤维进行功能化处理;3)活性、功能化处理对木质碳纤维的晶体结构、表面含氧基团结构、孔隙结构和表面形态结构、物理性能和吸附性能、环保和抗菌功能的影响。并在此基础上,提出了今后一段时期内木质碳纤维的活化、功能化研究存在的科学问题与思考。

In this paper, the woody biomass as raw materials was used to prepare the liquefied wooden activated carbon fibers through liquefaction, spinning, curing, carbonization and activation processes. On this basis, some methods, such as pore structure adjustment, surface modification and ionization, modified these activated carbon fibers to prepare functional activated carbon fibers. Moreover, activation and functionalization effects to carbon fibers were also examined, mainly including carbon fibers＇ crystalstucture, surface oxygen group, pore stucture, surface morphology, adsorbent and physical performance, as well as their environmental ~nd antibacterial performance. On the basis of systemically analysis and introduction about these activation and functionalization of wooden carbon fiber materials, some problems in this research field were presented. This study makes use of wood as raw materials to replace oil and other fossil resources, so it provides a new functional carbon materials for future study.