BMP15外显子1SNPs检测及其与邵伯鸡母系产蛋性状的关联性分析

Detection of SNPs of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 Gene Exon1 and Its Association with Egg Production Traits in Female Line of Shaobo Chicken

本研究旨在阐明骨形态发生蛋白15(Bone morphogenetic protein 15,BMP15)基因多态性与邵伯鸡母系产蛋性状之间的关系,为鸡繁殖性状的标记辅助选择提供科学依据。采用PCR-RFLP技术检测261只邵伯鸡母系BMP15的基因多态性,用最小二乘法分析该基因多态性与邵伯鸡母系产蛋性状的关系。发现BMP15基因外显子1序列中存在3个多态位点C397T、A474G和C594T,其中C397T位点C→T的突变使亮氨酸变为苯丙氨酸,经RFLP检测,3个多态位点均发现3种基因型。χ2检验表明,邵伯鸡母系在这3个位点均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡。用最小二乘法分析这3个位点的多态性与邵伯鸡母系产蛋性状之间的关系,结果发现,C397T位点TT基因型个体的开产日龄显著早于CT型个体(P<0.05),TT型个体的300日龄产蛋数显著高于CT型个体(P<0.05);A474G位点AA、AG和GG型个体间的各性状差异均不显著(P>0.05);C594T位点CC型个体的开产日龄显著早于CT与TT型个体。3个位点的合并基因型TTAATT对开产日龄、开产体质量、开产蛋质量、300日龄平均蛋质量、300日龄产蛋数均有显著影响(P<0.05)。对于邵伯鸡母系而言,TTAATT是最有利基因型,本研究结果初步表明,BMP15基因合并基因型TTAATT可以作为邵伯鸡母系产蛋性状潜在的DNA分子标记。

The objective of the present study were to elucidate the relationship between polymorphisms of bone morphogenetic protein 15 （BMP15） gene and egg production traits in female line of Shaobo chicken and to provide a scientific basis for marker-assisted selection for reproductive traits of chicken. Polymorphisms of exon1 of BMP15 gene were detected in 261 female line of Shaobo chicken by PCR-RFLP. The relationship between polymorphisms of BMP15 gene and egg production traits in female line of Shaobo chicken was analyzed by least squares linear model. Three polymorphic sites C397T, A474G and C594T were found in exon1 of BMP15, and C397T mutation resulted in an amino acid change of leucine→phenylalanine. Three genotypes were found at all three mutation sites in 261 female line of Shaobo chicken by RFLP. Chi-square test showed that Shaobo chickens were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The relationship between three site polymorphisms of BMP15 gene and egg production traits in Shaobo chickens was analyzed by least squares linear model. The result showed that three genotypes （CC, CT and TT） were found at C397T mutation locus, and individuals with TT genotype had significant younger age at first egg than that for CT （P〈0.05）, TT genotype birds had also significant more the total number of eggs at the age of 300 days than that for CT （P〈0.05）. Three genotypes （AA, AG and GG） were found at A474G mutation site, and there was no significant effect on egg production traits at the locus. Three genotypes （CC, CT and TT） were found at C594T mutation locus, and CC genotype had significant younger age at first egg than that for CT and TT （P〈0.05）. The combined genotype TTAATT also had significant genetic effects on age at first egg （AFE）, weight at first egg（WFE）, body weight at first egg（BWFE） and the total number of eggs with 300 age（EN）（P〈0.05）. The combined genotype TTAATT was the most favorable genotype. The result indicate that combined genotype TTAATT of BMP15 gene is a potential DNA marker for improving egg production traits in female line of Shaobo chicken.