短种植体的长度和表面设计对骨界面应力分布的影响

Effect of Different Surface Design of Short Implant on Stress Distribution in Implant-bone Interface

目的:探讨短种植体表面设计和长度对种植体周围骨组织的影响,为指导短种植体临床应用和开发新产品提供理论依据。方法:建立12种包含不同长度和不同表面设计短种植体的上颌后区骨块三维有限元模型:V形螺旋设计、反支撑形螺旋设计、支撑形螺旋设计和鳍式非螺旋设计分别建立种植体长度为7 mm、6.0 mm和5.0mm模型,对所有模型进行垂直和侧向加载,分析比较周围骨组织的应力分布和Von-Mises应力峰值。结果:垂直加载时,鳍式非螺旋设计的应力分布最合理,在螺纹设计中6.0mm反支撑形表现出较好的应力分布。侧向加载时,在同一长度下,鳍式非螺旋设计的应力分布最佳。结论:短种植体表面设计以鳍式非螺旋设计最佳,在螺纹设计中,反支撑形的应力分布更合理,应避免应用V形螺旋表面设计;螺纹表面设计的短种植体长度不应小于6mm;鳍式非螺旋设计的短种植体长度可以更小,甚至可以小于5mm。

Objective： To investigate the effect of different length and surface design of short implant on Stress dis- tribution in implant--bone interface. Methods： Twelve three--dimensional finite element models of different length and surface design were created： V--shape spiral design, reverse buttress spiral design, buttress spiral design and fin formula no-- spiral design to part created length equal 7.0mm, 6.0mm and 5.0mm models. The stress distribu- tion and the maximum Von--Mises stress of all models were compared and analysed under axial and oblique loads. Results： Under axial load, tl^e stress distribution of fin formula no-- spiral design showed the most reasonable than all 6.0ram length reverse buttress in the spiral design showed better stress distribution than other spiral design mod- els. Under oblique load, fin formula no-- spiral design was the best than all models in same length. Conclusion： Fin formula no-- spiral design is the optimal design in a short implant. The stress distribution of reverse buttress showed the most reasonable in all spiral design models, and evade use V--shape spiral design; the length of spiral surface design short implant should be least at 6mm, but the length of fin formula no-- spiral design should be the smaller, even could be lower than 5.0mm.