我国城管行政执法体制的弊端与完善——兼论《轻犯罪法》在日本城市管理中的作用

Drawbacks and Improvements of the Administrative-Law-Enforcing System of China's Urban Management——and Roles of Light of Crime Act in Japan's Urban Management

我国城管行政执法部门在执法过程中暴力执法和暴力抗法事件频繁发生,执法部门和市民之间的矛盾体现出城管制度的立法缺陷。为了避免社会矛盾的激化、有效合理地创造和谐社会,有必要对国外的相关制度进行研究,对我国城市管理制度进行整合。在日本,警察是城市管理的执法主体,《轻犯罪法》使城市居民在严格的执法过程中形成了良好的守法意识,而执法者在管理过程中也有法可依,使执法效能倍增。本文通过分析日本《轻犯罪法》在城市管理中发挥的作用,提出我国应当借鉴其立法模式与实践经验,由警察充当城市管理执法主体,对城市管理的执法机关、执法范围、执法职能、执法手段进行统一立法。

In our administrative law enforcement,violent law enforcement and violent resistance to law cases frequently occurred;the contradictions between law enforcement department and the public show the legislative defect in our urban management system.In order to avoid the intensification of social conflicts and effectively create a harmonious society,it is necessary to study the relevant systems of foreign countries,thus to improve our urban management system.In Japan,police is the law enforcement subject in urban management.And the light Offence Act makes residents developing a good awareness of law abiding and self-discipline in strict law enforcement,as well as enabling law enforcer has legal basis in the management process and then improving effectiveness.By analyzing Japanese Light Offences Act＇s role in urban management,the article suggested that our China should learn Japanese legislative mode and its practice experience：making police acts as enforcement subject in urban management and uniformly legislating on urban management law enforcement agencies,scopes,functions and means.