清前《史记》语言文学研究论略

Discussion of the Study on shiji's Language for Literature before the Qing Dynasty

《史记》语言的文学性历代以来都受到重视,成为《史记》文学研究的重要方面。汉魏六朝在对《史记》的叙事、文风等文学特点的评述中已有了对其语言的概括性认识。唐代尤其中唐以后,在古文运动大文化语境中,文人开始从文学角度来关注《史记》,韩柳"雄深雅健"、"峻洁"的概括代表了文学家对《史记》语言的整体感受。宋代随着文章学的发展,宋人不仅重视文章整体性的起承转合的章法,更深入到句法、字法的探讨。明代,随着文学复古运动的高涨,《史记》字、词、名句的研究更加深入细致,专著频出,开拓了《史记》语言研究的新领域。

It is one of important that the literariness of Shiji＇s language study and it is content of literary studies. There is general knowledge of the literariness on Shiji＇s narrative, style of writing, literary features in Six Dynasties of Han Wei. Especially in Tang Dynasty, in the sport of ancient Chinese prose in cultural context, scholar started to pay at- tention to Shiji from the angle of literature writer. The view of Han yu and Liu zongyuan represents the whole under- standing of the writer. With the articlology development, the scholars of the Song Dynasty pay attention to not only the art of composition, but also the art of character and sentence. The Ming Dynasty, along with the ancient literature move- ment, Shiji＇s language study deeply and more works have appeared, these opened up new field in the study of Shiji＇s lan- guage.