论架空输电线路途经他人土地的合法性与补偿问题——兼谈中国公用地役权的法律基础

On the Legality of the Erection of Electric Power Transmission Lines over the Other Lands and the Compensation——Discussion on the Legal Foundation of Public Servitude in China

架空输电线路对于国计民生具有重要意义,但同时,将输电线路架设于他人土地之上,对他人民事权利也构成一种妨碍,因此两种利益冲突须协调。依照《城乡规划法》,基于公共利益铺设电网,具有正当性和合法性,沿途不动产权利人应当予以接受和尊重;唯此不动产权利人若因此而遭受直接、有形和确定的损害,理应获得相应的补偿。本文建议类推适用《物权法》第42条和第43条以实现对民事权利与社会公益的尊重与平衡。

The overhead electric power transmission lines play an important role in national welfare and people＇s livelihood;however their erection on the other lands hinders the civil rights to use the lands.Conflicts of the private interests and the public interests shall be coordinated.In the light of the ＂City and Country Planning Law of the PRC＂,the electric grids aiming for public interests are of legitimacy and legality,and their erections shall be accepted and respected by the owners or users of the lands under the grids.The owners or users,subjected to direct,tangible,determinate damages,are entitled to claim an appropriate compensation.This article suggests that the application by analogy of the article 42 and 43 of the ＂Real Right Law of the PRC＂ is suitable to resolve such conflict,and that the balance between the civil rights and the social welfare shall be respected and practiced.