苏轼倅杭心态浅析

On Su Shi's Mentality during His Assumption of Vice-Administrator of Hangzhou

熙宁四年(1071),苏轼自请外任,通判杭州。这既是苏轼政治生涯中的第一次失意,也为几年后的"乌台诗案"埋下了许多伏笔。通过对相关史料及苏轼作品的梳理,可以发现其倅杭时期心态包括以下几点:避谗离京,虽是自请,但因政治抱负受到打击而致的失落心情,成为倅杭三年心态的基调;徜徉山水,醉心美景以散愁纾闷;游心佛禅,借方外之力开解内心烦闷;诗文纾愤,将对政敌与新法的不满情绪毫无顾忌地出以诗文。

In the fourth year of the Xining reign（in 1071 to be specific）,Su Shi asked for his transference to Hangzhou,assuming the post of vice administrator（or controller-general） there.This was Su Shi＇s first frustration in his entire political career,which also foreshadowed the Wutai shi an（乌台诗案,literally,the case of Su Shi＇s poetry at the Black Terrace） several years later.Based on an investigation into and an analysis of relevant historical materials as well as many of his poetic works,we may gain an insight into Su Shi＇s general mentalities during his assumption of the post of vice administrator of Hangzhou.These mentalities include a sense of great sadness and of loss,which underlay Su Shi＇s keynote mood throughout his three years of stay in Hangzhou,due to frustration in his political ambitions and vilification from his opponents,a sense of abandonment to natural landscape and Buddhist doctrines to dissipate his sorrow and depression,and a sense of relief in his less constrained criticism in his poems of the new government policies and his opponents.