云南大石林风景区景观格局变化研究

Landscape Pattern Change of Yunnan Great Stone Forest

风景游览区土地利用/覆被变化与景观演变是自然保护与风景旅游业协调发展状况的直接表现。以云南石林世界自然遗产地的大石林景区为例,应用遥感技术和GIS空间分析技术,分析了1990年和2006年土地利用/覆被与景观格局变化。结果表明,天然灌草在研究期内减少了近50%,耕地减少了7.81%,石林地减少了4.15%,云南松林、交通用地、水体、建筑、滇青冈林、柏树林、人工草地、香樟树林8种景观类型均有所增加。景观类型呈现出不稳定和频繁变化的特点,地类间的转化呈多向交叉转移转化,除建筑、水体、滇青冈林保有率较高外,其余各地类均有超过50%的比重发生转入和转出。景观间的连通性降低,多样性增加,异质性增强。

Land utilization, vegetation change and landscape change of excursion area represented coordinated development in nature conservation and landscape tourism. Take Yunnan Great Stone Forest Scenic Spot, World Natural Heritage Site for example, and using remote sensing and GIS spatial analysis tech- niques, land utilization, vegetation change and landscape change of excursion area in 1996 and 2006 have been analyzed. The results showed that natural shrub land, arable land and stone forest land decreased up to 50% , 7.81% and 4.15% respectively, but eight kinds of forest landscape types including Yunnan pine, traffic land, body of water, construction, Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides forest, cypress forest, artificial grassland, camphor forest have increased. Landscape types was showing instability and frequent changes in the characteristics, the conversion of land type was showing cross-transfer, except construction, water, Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides forest, more than 50% of rest of landscape pattern have been transferred. Connectivity of landscapes was reduced, and diversity and heterogeneity were increased.